Рус Қаз Eng

Barry Eichengreen

Professor of Economics and Political Science at the University of California, Berkeley

is the author, most recently, of In Defense of Public Debt (Oxford University Press, 2021)
Why Is Europe Losing the Productivity Race?
The gap between productivity growth in the United States and Europe paints a stark and, for Europeans, depressing picture
14 апреля 2024 5 мин. 44688
The Temptation of Frontier Markets
Frontier markets are back. Several African countries have recently returned to global financial markets, placing foreign-currency bonds with international investors
27 марта 2024 5 мин. 35786
Globalization with Chinese Characteristics
US President Donald Trump’s erratic unilateralism represents nothing less than abdication of global economic and political leadership. Trump’s withdrawal from the Paris climate agreement, his rejection of the Iran nuclear deal, his tariff war, and his frequent attacks on allies and embrace of adversaries have rapidly turned the United States into an unreliable partner in upholding the international order
23 августа 2018 5 мин. 6973
Why Is Europe Losing the Productivity Race?
The gap between productivity growth in the United States and Europe paints a stark and, for Europeans, depressing picture
14 апреля 2024 5 мин. 44688
The Temptation of Frontier Markets
Frontier markets are back. Several African countries have recently returned to global financial markets, placing foreign-currency bonds with international investors
27 марта 2024 5 мин. 35786
Globalization with Chinese Characteristics
US President Donald Trump’s erratic unilateralism represents nothing less than abdication of global economic and political leadership. Trump’s withdrawal from the Paris climate agreement, his rejection of the Iran nuclear deal, his tariff war, and his frequent attacks on allies and embrace of adversaries have rapidly turned the United States into an unreliable partner in upholding the international order
23 августа 2018 5 мин. 6973
The Temptation of Frontier Markets
Frontier markets are back. Several African countries have recently returned to global financial markets, placing foreign-currency bonds with international investors
27 марта 2024 5 мин. 35786 Репостов в соцсетях: 1
Globalization with Chinese Characteristics
US President Donald Trump’s erratic unilateralism represents nothing less than abdication of global economic and political leadership. Trump’s withdrawal from the Paris climate agreement, his rejection of the Iran nuclear deal, his tariff war, and his frequent attacks on allies and embrace of adversaries have rapidly turned the United States into an unreliable partner in upholding the international order
23 августа 2018 5 мин. 6973 Репостов в соцсетях: 1
Why Is Europe Losing the Productivity Race?
The gap between productivity growth in the United States and Europe paints a stark and, for Europeans, depressing picture
14 апреля 2024 5 мин. 44688 Репостов в соцсетях: 0

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      uri
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        • 25. /vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Response.php:200
        • 71. /public/index.php:54
      • select * from `forbes_data_images` where `forbes_data_images`.`ImageID` = '158762' limit 1600μsview::authors-inner:188forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 158762
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • 18. view::authors-inner:188
        • 25. /vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Response.php:200
        • 71. /public/index.php:54
      • select * from `forbes_images` where `forbes_images`.`ImageID` = '158762' limit 1620μsview::authors-inner:188forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 158762
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • 18. view::authors-inner:188
        • 25. /vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Response.php:200
        • 71. /public/index.php:54
      • select * from `forbes_data_images` where `forbes_data_images`.`ImageID` = '77992' limit 1670μsview::authors-inner:188forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 77992
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • 18. view::authors-inner:188
        • 25. /vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Response.php:200
        • 71. /public/index.php:54
      • select * from `forbes_images` where `forbes_images`.`ImageID` = '77992' limit 1650μsview::authors-inner:188forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 77992
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • 18. view::authors-inner:188
        • 25. /vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Response.php:200
        • 71. /public/index.php:54
      • select * from `forbes_data_images` where `forbes_data_images`.`ImageID` = '159432' limit 1660μsview::authors-inner:188forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 159432
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • 18. view::authors-inner:188
        • 25. /vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Response.php:200
        • 71. /public/index.php:54
      • select * from `forbes_images` where `forbes_images`.`ImageID` = '159432' limit 1580μsview::authors-inner:188forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 159432
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • 18. view::authors-inner:188
        • 25. /vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Response.php:200
        • 71. /public/index.php:54
      • select * from `forbes_prteaser_group` where `url` not in ('sap') and `validfrom` <= '2025-04-14 19:45:19' and `validtill` >= '2025-04-14 19:45:19' limit 5680μs/app/Models/TeaserGroups.php:30forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. sap
        • 1. 2025-04-14 19:45:19
        • 2. 2025-04-14 19:45:19
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • 12. /app/Models/TeaserGroups.php:30
        • 13. /app/Widgets/CorpBlogs.php:22
        • 19. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Misc/LaravelApplicationWrapper.php:48
        • 20. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:54
        • 21. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:75
        • 22. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:17
        • 27. view::partials.sidebar:10
        • 28. view::partials.sidebar:10
        • 34. view::authors-inner:353
        • 41. /vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Response.php:200
        • 87. /public/index.php:54
      • select * from `forbes_anounces` order by `AnounceID` desc limit 1650μs/app/Models/Anounces.php:38forbes_base
        Metadata
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
        Backtrace
        • 13. /app/Models/Anounces.php:38
        • 14. /app/Widgets/Anounce.php:20
        • 20. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Misc/LaravelApplicationWrapper.php:48
        • 21. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:54
        • 22. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:75
        • 23. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:17
        • 28. view::partials.sidebar:13
        • 29. view::partials.sidebar:13
        • 35. view::authors-inner:353
        • 42. /vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Response.php:200
        • 88. /public/index.php:54
      • select * from `forbes_images` where `forbes_images`.`ImageID` in ('160604')690μs/app/Models/Anounces.php:38forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 160604
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 20. /app/Models/Anounces.php:38
        • 21. /app/Widgets/Anounce.php:20
        • 27. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Misc/LaravelApplicationWrapper.php:48
        • 28. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:54
        • 29. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:75
        • 30. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:17
        • 35. view::partials.sidebar:13
        • 36. view::partials.sidebar:13
        • 42. view::authors-inner:353
        • 49. /vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Response.php:200
        • 95. /public/index.php:54
      • select * from `forbes_bdays` where month(`Bday`) = '4' and day(`Bday`) = '14' order by `Bday` desc810μs/app/Models/Birthdays.php:29forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 4
        • 1. 14
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 12. /app/Models/Birthdays.php:29
        • 13. /app/Widgets/BirthdaysToday.php:20
        • 19. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Misc/LaravelApplicationWrapper.php:48
        • 20. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:54
        • 21. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:75
        • 22. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:17
        • 27. view::partials.sidebar:16
        • 28. view::partials.sidebar:16
        • 34. view::authors-inner:353
        • 41. /vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Response.php:200
        • 87. /public/index.php:54
      • select `forbes_data_tops`.`DataID`, `forbes_data`.`Date` from `forbes_data_tops` inner join `forbes_data` on `forbes_data_tops`.`DataID` = `forbes_data`.`DataID` and `forbes_data`.`finished` = '1' where `forbes_data_tops`.`StructureID` = '66' and `forbes_data`.`Date` <= '2025-04-14 19:45:19' order by `forbes_data_tops`.`Position` asc limit 1 offset 0790μs/app/Models/DataTops.php:103forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 66
        • 2. 2025-04-14 19:45:19
        Backtrace
        • 12. /app/Models/DataTops.php:103
        • 13. /app/Widgets/EditorChoise.php:20
        • 19. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Misc/LaravelApplicationWrapper.php:48
        • 20. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:54
        • 21. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:75
        • 22. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:17
        • 27. view::partials.sidebar:19
        • 28. view::partials.sidebar:19
        • 34. view::authors-inner:353
        • 41. /vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Response.php:200
        • 87. /public/index.php:54
      • select * from `forbes_data_data` where `forbes_data_data`.`DataID` in ('320937')1.43ms/app/Models/DataTops.php:103forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 320937
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 19. /app/Models/DataTops.php:103
        • 20. /app/Widgets/EditorChoise.php:20
        • 26. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Misc/LaravelApplicationWrapper.php:48
        • 27. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:54
        • 28. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:75
        • 29. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:17
        • 34. view::partials.sidebar:19
        • 35. view::partials.sidebar:19
        • 41. view::authors-inner:353
        • 48. /vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Response.php:200
        • 94. /public/index.php:54
      • select * from `forbes_data_images` where `forbes_data_images`.`ImageID` in ('160257')1.09ms/app/Models/DataTops.php:103forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 160257
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 26. /app/Models/DataTops.php:103
        • 27. /app/Widgets/EditorChoise.php:20
        • 33. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Misc/LaravelApplicationWrapper.php:48
        • 34. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:54
        • 35. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:75
        • 36. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:17
        • 41. view::partials.sidebar:19
        • 42. view::partials.sidebar:19
        • 48. view::authors-inner:353
        • 55. /vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Response.php:200
        • 101. /public/index.php:54
      • select * from `forbes_images` where `forbes_images`.`ImageID` in ('160257')960μs/app/Models/DataTops.php:103forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 160257
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 33. /app/Models/DataTops.php:103
        • 34. /app/Widgets/EditorChoise.php:20
        • 40. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Misc/LaravelApplicationWrapper.php:48
        • 41. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:54
        • 42. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:75
        • 43. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:17
        • 48. view::partials.sidebar:19
        • 49. view::partials.sidebar:19
        • 55. view::authors-inner:353
        • 62. /vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Response.php:200
        • 108. /public/index.php:54
      • select * from `forbes_video` where `isShow` = '1' and `project` = 'qna' order by RAND() limit 12.08ms/app/Models/Video.php:42forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. qna
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • ORDER BY RAND() is slow, try to avoid if you can. You can read this or this
        Backtrace
        • 12. /app/Models/Video.php:42
        • 13. /app/Widgets/RandProjectVideo.php:24
        • 19. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Misc/LaravelApplicationWrapper.php:48
        • 20. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:54
        • 21. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:75
        • 22. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:17
        • 27. view::partials.sidebar:28
        • 28. view::partials.sidebar:28
        • 34. view::authors-inner:353
        • 41. /vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Response.php:200
        • 87. /public/index.php:54
      • select * from `forbes_data` inner join `forbes_data_social_stats2` on `forbes_data_social_stats2`.`DataID` = `forbes_data`.`DataID` where `Date` >= '2025-04-13 19:45:19' and `AnounceID` is null and `finished` = '1' order by `forbes_data_social_stats2`.`facebook` desc limit 7790μs/app/Models/Data.php:544forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2025-04-13 19:45:19
        • 1. 1
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 12. /app/Models/Data.php:544
        • 13. /app/Widgets/MostShared.php:21
        • 19. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Misc/LaravelApplicationWrapper.php:48
        • 20. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:54
        • 21. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:75
        • 22. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:17
        • 27. view::partials.sidebar:36
        • 28. view::partials.sidebar:36
        • 34. view::authors-inner:353
        • 41. /vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Response.php:200
        • 87. /public/index.php:54
      • select * from `forbes_data` inner join `forbes_data_data` on `forbes_data`.`DataID` = `forbes_data_data`.`DataID` where `Date` <= '2025-04-14 19:45:19' and `finished` = '1' and `DataType` = 'articles' and `Date` >= '2025-04-13 19:45:19' order by `forbes_data_data`.`Views` desc limit 7810μs/app/Models/Data.php:560forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2025-04-14 19:45:19
        • 1. 1
        • 2. articles
        • 3. 2025-04-13 19:45:19
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 12. /app/Models/Data.php:560
        • 13. /app/Widgets/MostViews.php:20
        • 19. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Misc/LaravelApplicationWrapper.php:48
        • 20. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:54
        • 21. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:75
        • 22. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:17
        • 27. view::partials.sidebar:46
        • 28. view::partials.sidebar:46
        • 34. view::authors-inner:353
        • 41. /vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Response.php:200
        • 87. /public/index.php:54
      • select * from `forbes_video` where `isShow` = '1' and `addDate` >= '2025-04-13 19:45:19' order by `addDate` desc limit 1660μs/app/Models/Video.php:71forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 2025-04-13 19:45:19
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 13. /app/Models/Video.php:71
        • 14. /app/Widgets/BoostVideo.php:21
        • 20. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Misc/LaravelApplicationWrapper.php:48
        • 21. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:54
        • 22. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:75
        • 23. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:17
        • 28. view::layout:602
        • 29. view::layout:602
        • 35. view::authors-inner:359
        • 42. /vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Response.php:200
        • 88. /public/index.php:54
        web
        array:2 [ "name" => "Guest" "user" => array:1 [ "guest" => true ] ]
        api
        array:2 [ "name" => "Guest" "user" => array:1 [ "guest" => true ] ]
          _token
          nCmDJuHBSLQIHtenefGTs80kGGW54WxTgzdN39lK
          _previous
          array:1 [ "url" => "https://test.forbes.kz/authors/authorsid_943" ]
          PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
          []
          _flash
          array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
          format
          html
          content_type
          text/html; charset=UTF-8
          status_text
          OK
          status_code
          200
          request_query
          []
          request_request
          []
          request_headers
          array:26 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "content-length" => array:1 [ 0 => ""...
          request_server
          array:53 [ "TEMP" => "/srv/www/forbes.kz/tmp" "TMPDIR" => "/srv/www/forbes.kz/tmp" "TMP" => "/...
          request_cookies
          array:2 [ "XSRF-TOKEN" => "nCmDJuHBSLQIHtenefGTs80kGGW54WxTgzdN39lK" "laravel_session" => "ivKEN...
          response_headers
          array:5 [ "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ ...
          path_info
          /authors/authorsid_943
          session_attributes
          array:4 [ "_token" => "nCmDJuHBSLQIHtenefGTs80kGGW54WxTgzdN39lK" "_previous" => array:1 [ "u...