The Bretton Woods Credibility Crisis

Автор: Anne O. Krueger
a former World Bank chief economist

Despite setbacks like the Great Recession and the pandemic, the world economy has had a massively successful run since World War II

That success was underpinned by the post-war global economic system and its central institutions: the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank, and the World Trade Organization (previously the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade). In joining the Bretton Woods institutions, countries around the world agreed to subject their economic behavior to an international rule of law.

These institutions all have governing bodies with representatives from member states, as well as highly qualified technocratic staff to carry out their work. The periodic reports they produce have been essential sources of information and analyses. But one of these reports, the World Bank’s annual Doing Business index, has become the source of enormous controversy.

The point of Doing Business was to report on each member state’s regulatory environment, elements of which include legal procedures, wait times, start-up costs, the efficiency of the judicial system, and the accessibility and reliability of basic utilities like electricity. These and many other factors determined each country’s overall ranking. In the 2018 report, for example, New Zealand ranked highest, and Somalia the lowest.

While no measure is perfect, the procedure for determining the rankings was transparent, and the indicators in each report were as objective as possible, even if they did rely also on anecdotal evidence. The Doing Business reports were highly respected and thus widely used, not only by national policymakers as an indication of how their country’s regulations and performance compared with others’, but also by independent researchers and firms and financial institutions contemplating investments abroad. It was not uncommon for a head of government to instruct his ministers to pursue policies geared toward climbing the rankings.

Many observers, including me, regarded the Doing Business reports as the World Bank’s single most important publication. The Bank published the individual results alongside the overall ranking, so anyone who questioned the weights could apply her own. While some governments instituted Potemkin reforms – all façade and no substance – there were many more instances of Doing Business-inspired policies that reduced costs and increased productivity. As with all publications from international economic institutions, Doing Business’s credibility was the key to its success.

But following the 2018 report, there were complaints about the data that had been used, leading the World Bank to commission the highly regarded law firm WilmerHale to investigate. Its report, issued last month, found serious irregularities with respect to China’s ranking in the 2018 report. The investigators report that Kristalina Georgieva, the Bank’s then-CEO (second in command) who has since become managing director of the IMF, urged staff to reconsider the results for China, and then “explored … ways to change the methodology to raise China’s ranking.” The report also points out that the Bank had an interest in placating China, because it was seeking Chinese support for a capital increase at the time.

All told, the investigators provided sufficient evidence of Georgieva’s involvement to raise serious doubts about Doing Business’s credibility and integrity. The current president of the World Bank, David Malpass, has suspended publication of the 2021 report and discontinued future ones. The Bank will surely examine and amend its procedures to prevent similar efforts at manipulation in the future.

Credibility is essential for the critical work the IMF and World Bank do. Both employ highly respected researchers, world-class economists and statisticians, and dedicated officials. They know they are civil servants and not politicians; all are highly committed to their jobs. True, in some cases (some of which are known to me), there has been pressure at the political level to support a certain lending program or policy position. But a central part of the leadership’s job is to shield staff from undue interference in their reports and analyses.

Attempting to massage the ranking for one country in a cross-country report is egregious not only because it undermines the credibility of the report but also because it harms the other countries whose rankings are changed as a result. When a country falls in the rankings, its ability to attract foreign investors and businesses can be diminished.

Like Caesar’s wife, IMF and World Bank leaders must be well above suspicion in overseeing these institutions’ work and safeguarding the integrity of the data on which that work relies. Georgieva’s reported actions certainly raise serious doubts about her commitment to the integrity of the data, including in the context of her new role.

If an IMF managing director is thought to be amenable to pressures to alter data and analyses, the credibility of the Fund’s work will be greatly diminished, if it is believed at all. It is one thing for the managing director to urge the Board to approve a program of questionable merit based on a report providing an honest account of the situation. It is quite another thing to pressure staff to alter the numbers.

Should Georgieva remain in her position, she and her staff will surely be pressured to alter other countries’ data and rankings. And even if they resist, the reports they produce will be suspect. The entire institution’s work will be devalued. That prospect alone should be enough for the IMF’s political masters to find a new managing director whose commitment to the integrity of the work is not in question.

© Project Syndicate 1995-2021 

: Если вы обнаружили ошибку или опечатку, выделите фрагмент текста с ошибкой и нажмите CTRL+Enter
77243 просмотров
Поделиться этой публикацией в соцсетях:
Forbes Video

Газиз Абишев: бунт Пригожина, будущее России и Казахстана

Обсуждаемые в Соцсетях
Самые Читаемые

Орфографическая ошибка в тексте:

Отмена Отправить
153.97msRequest Duration7.25MBMemory UsageGET blogs/blogsid_{blogID}RouteAuth status
    • Booting (33ms)
    • Application (127.45ms)
      21 templates were rendered
      • blogs-inner (resources/views/blogs-inner.blade.php)3blade
        Params
        0
        article
        1
        mlt_articles
        2
        keywords
      • banners.B (resources/views/banners/B.blade.php)7blade
        Params
        0
        obLevel
        1
        __env
        2
        app
        3
        errors
        4
        article
        5
        mlt_articles
        6
        keywords
      • partials.social-bid (resources/views/partials/social-bid.blade.php)7blade
        Params
        0
        obLevel
        1
        __env
        2
        app
        3
        errors
        4
        article
        5
        mlt_articles
        6
        keywords
      • banners.C (resources/views/banners/C.blade.php)11blade
        Params
        0
        obLevel
        1
        __env
        2
        app
        3
        errors
        4
        article
        5
        mlt_articles
        6
        keywords
        7
        __currentLoopData
        8
        item
        9
        key
        10
        loop
      • banners.F (resources/views/banners/F.blade.php)11blade
        Params
        0
        obLevel
        1
        __env
        2
        app
        3
        errors
        4
        article
        5
        mlt_articles
        6
        keywords
        7
        __currentLoopData
        8
        item
        9
        key
        10
        loop
      • partials.sidebar (resources/views/partials/sidebar.blade.php)11blade
        Params
        0
        obLevel
        1
        __env
        2
        app
        3
        errors
        4
        article
        5
        mlt_articles
        6
        keywords
        7
        __currentLoopData
        8
        item
        9
        key
        10
        loop
      • banners.D (resources/views/banners/D.blade.php)11blade
        Params
        0
        obLevel
        1
        __env
        2
        app
        3
        errors
        4
        article
        5
        mlt_articles
        6
        keywords
        7
        __currentLoopData
        8
        item
        9
        key
        10
        loop
      • widgets.CorpBlogs (resources/views/widgets/CorpBlogs.blade.php)1blade
        Params
        0
        corp_blogs
      • widgets.Anounce (resources/views/widgets/Anounce.blade.php)1blade
        Params
        0
        anounce
      • widgets.BirthdaysToday (resources/views/widgets/BirthdaysToday.blade.php)1blade
        Params
        0
        birthdays
      • widgets.EditorChoise (resources/views/widgets/EditorChoise.blade.php)1blade
        Params
        0
        editor_choise
      • banners.E (resources/views/banners/E.blade.php)11blade
        Params
        0
        obLevel
        1
        __env
        2
        app
        3
        errors
        4
        article
        5
        mlt_articles
        6
        keywords
        7
        __currentLoopData
        8
        item
        9
        key
        10
        loop
      • widgets.RandProjectVideo (resources/views/widgets/RandProjectVideo.blade.php)1blade
        Params
        0
        video
      • widgets.MostShared (resources/views/widgets/MostShared.blade.php)1blade
        Params
        0
        most_shared
      • partials.most-shared (resources/views/partials/most-shared.blade.php)5blade
        Params
        0
        obLevel
        1
        __env
        2
        app
        3
        errors
        4
        most_shared
      • widgets.MostViews (resources/views/widgets/MostViews.blade.php)1blade
        Params
        0
        most_views
      • partials.most-views (resources/views/partials/most-views.blade.php)5blade
        Params
        0
        obLevel
        1
        __env
        2
        app
        3
        errors
        4
        most_views
      • banners.tds.4 (resources/views/banners/tds/4.blade.php)11blade
        Params
        0
        obLevel
        1
        __env
        2
        app
        3
        errors
        4
        article
        5
        mlt_articles
        6
        keywords
        7
        __currentLoopData
        8
        item
        9
        key
        10
        loop
      • layout (resources/views/layout.blade.php)11blade
        Params
        0
        obLevel
        1
        __env
        2
        app
        3
        errors
        4
        article
        5
        mlt_articles
        6
        keywords
        7
        __currentLoopData
        8
        item
        9
        key
        10
        loop
      • banners.tds.1 (resources/views/banners/tds/1.blade.php)11blade
        Params
        0
        obLevel
        1
        __env
        2
        app
        3
        errors
        4
        article
        5
        mlt_articles
        6
        keywords
        7
        __currentLoopData
        8
        item
        9
        key
        10
        loop
      • banners.G (resources/views/banners/G.blade.php)11blade
        Params
        0
        obLevel
        1
        __env
        2
        app
        3
        errors
        4
        article
        5
        mlt_articles
        6
        keywords
        7
        __currentLoopData
        8
        item
        9
        key
        10
        loop
      uri
      GET blogs/blogsid_{blogID}
      middleware
      web
      as
      blog
      controller
      App\Http\Controllers\BlogsController@displayBlog
      namespace
      App\Http\Controllers
      prefix
      null
      where
      file
      app/Http/Controllers/BlogsController.php:35-61
      27 statements were executed40.58ms
      • select * from `forbes_data` where `Date` <= '2025-03-15 14:41:41' and `finished` = '1' and `DataID` = '260539' limit 11.28ms/app/Models/Data.php:101forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2025-03-15 14:41:41
        • 1. 1
        • 2. 260539
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • 13. /app/Models/Data.php:101
        • 14. /app/Http/Controllers/BlogsController.php:37
        • 64. /public/index.php:54
      • select * from `forbes_data_data` where `forbes_data_data`.`DataID` in ('260539')1.19ms/app/Models/Data.php:101forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 260539
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 20. /app/Models/Data.php:101
        • 21. /app/Http/Controllers/BlogsController.php:37
        • 71. /public/index.php:54
      • select * from `forbes_data_images` where `forbes_data_images`.`ImageID` in ('')800μs/app/Models/Data.php:101forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 27. /app/Models/Data.php:101
        • 28. /app/Http/Controllers/BlogsController.php:37
        • 78. /public/index.php:54
      • SELECT * FROM forbes_mlt_index WHERE datatype=1 AND unxtime>=1710495701 AND id<>260539 AND MATCH('The | Bretton | Woods | Credibility | Crisis | Despite | setbacks | Great | Recession | the | pandemic | world | economy | had | massively | successful | since | World | II') LIMIT 6 OPTION ranker = sph04,max_matches=6;14.6ms/app/Models/Search.php:56
        Metadata
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • 8. /app/Models/Search.php:56
        • 9. /app/Http/Controllers/BlogsController.php:40
        • 59. /public/index.php:54
      • select `ImagePath` from `forbes_images` where `ImageID` = '159655' limit 1810μs/app/Models/Images.php:22forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 159655
        Hints
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • 13. /app/Models/Images.php:22
        • 14. /app/Http/Controllers/BlogsController.php:43
        • 64. /public/index.php:54
      • select `ImagePath` from `forbes_images` where `ImageID` = '160122' limit 11.2ms/app/Models/Images.php:22forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 160122
        Hints
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • 13. /app/Models/Images.php:22
        • 14. /app/Http/Controllers/BlogsController.php:43
        • 64. /public/index.php:54
      • select `ImagePath` from `forbes_images` where `ImageID` = '159107' limit 1720μs/app/Models/Images.php:22forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 159107
        Hints
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • 13. /app/Models/Images.php:22
        • 14. /app/Http/Controllers/BlogsController.php:43
        • 64. /public/index.php:54
      • select `ImagePath` from `forbes_images` where `ImageID` = '158546' limit 1680μs/app/Models/Images.php:22forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 158546
        Hints
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • 13. /app/Models/Images.php:22
        • 14. /app/Http/Controllers/BlogsController.php:43
        • 64. /public/index.php:54
      • select `ImagePath` from `forbes_images` where `ImageID` = '159432' limit 1530μs/app/Models/Images.php:22forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 159432
        Hints
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • 13. /app/Models/Images.php:22
        • 14. /app/Http/Controllers/BlogsController.php:43
        • 64. /public/index.php:54
      • select `ImagePath` from `forbes_images` where `ImageID` = '158829' limit 1670μs/app/Models/Images.php:22forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 158829
        Hints
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • 13. /app/Models/Images.php:22
        • 14. /app/Http/Controllers/BlogsController.php:43
        • 64. /public/index.php:54
      • update `forbes_data_data` set `Views` = `Views` + 1 where `DataID` = '260539'2.07ms/app/Http/Controllers/BlogsController.php:50forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 260539
        Backtrace
        • 15. /app/Http/Controllers/BlogsController.php:50
        • 16. /app/Http/Controllers/BlogsController.php:50
        • 66. /public/index.php:54
      • select * from `forbes_data_authors` where `forbes_data_authors`.`DataID` = '260539' limit 1950μsview::blogs-inner:9forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 260539
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • 18. view::blogs-inner:9
        • 25. /vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Response.php:200
        • 71. /public/index.php:54
      • select * from `forbes_authors` where `forbes_authors`.`AuthorID` = '1118' limit 13.43msview::blogs-inner:9forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1118
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • 18. view::blogs-inner:9
        • 25. /vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Response.php:200
        • 71. /public/index.php:54
      • select * from `forbes_images` where `forbes_images`.`ImageID` = '86811' limit 1660μsview::blogs-inner:64forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 86811
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • 18. view::blogs-inner:64
        • 25. /vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Response.php:200
        • 71. /public/index.php:54
      • select * from `forbes_data_social_stats2` where `forbes_data_social_stats2`.`DataID` = '260539' limit 1820μsview::blogs-inner:99forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 260539
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • 18. view::blogs-inner:99
        • 25. /vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Response.php:200
        • 71. /public/index.php:54
      • select * from `forbes_prteaser_group` where `url` not in ('sap') and `validfrom` <= '2025-03-15 14:41:41' and `validtill` >= '2025-03-15 14:41:41' limit 5710μs/app/Models/TeaserGroups.php:30forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. sap
        • 1. 2025-03-15 14:41:41
        • 2. 2025-03-15 14:41:41
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • 12. /app/Models/TeaserGroups.php:30
        • 13. /app/Widgets/CorpBlogs.php:22
        • 19. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Misc/LaravelApplicationWrapper.php:48
        • 20. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:54
        • 21. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:75
        • 22. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:17
        • 27. view::partials.sidebar:10
        • 28. view::partials.sidebar:10
        • 34. view::blogs-inner:231
        • 41. /vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Response.php:200
        • 87. /public/index.php:54
      • select * from `forbes_anounces` order by `AnounceID` desc limit 1560μs/app/Models/Anounces.php:38forbes_base
        Metadata
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
        Backtrace
        • 13. /app/Models/Anounces.php:38
        • 14. /app/Widgets/Anounce.php:20
        • 20. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Misc/LaravelApplicationWrapper.php:48
        • 21. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:54
        • 22. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:75
        • 23. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:17
        • 28. view::partials.sidebar:13
        • 29. view::partials.sidebar:13
        • 35. view::blogs-inner:231
        • 42. /vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Response.php:200
        • 88. /public/index.php:54
      • select * from `forbes_images` where `forbes_images`.`ImageID` in ('160604')570μs/app/Models/Anounces.php:38forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 160604
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 20. /app/Models/Anounces.php:38
        • 21. /app/Widgets/Anounce.php:20
        • 27. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Misc/LaravelApplicationWrapper.php:48
        • 28. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:54
        • 29. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:75
        • 30. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:17
        • 35. view::partials.sidebar:13
        • 36. view::partials.sidebar:13
        • 42. view::blogs-inner:231
        • 49. /vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Response.php:200
        • 95. /public/index.php:54
      • select * from `forbes_bdays` where month(`Bday`) = '3' and day(`Bday`) = '15' order by `Bday` desc630μs/app/Models/Birthdays.php:29forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 15
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 12. /app/Models/Birthdays.php:29
        • 13. /app/Widgets/BirthdaysToday.php:20
        • 19. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Misc/LaravelApplicationWrapper.php:48
        • 20. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:54
        • 21. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:75
        • 22. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:17
        • 27. view::partials.sidebar:16
        • 28. view::partials.sidebar:16
        • 34. view::blogs-inner:231
        • 41. /vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Response.php:200
        • 87. /public/index.php:54
      • select `forbes_data_tops`.`DataID`, `forbes_data`.`Date` from `forbes_data_tops` inner join `forbes_data` on `forbes_data_tops`.`DataID` = `forbes_data`.`DataID` and `forbes_data`.`finished` = '1' where `forbes_data_tops`.`StructureID` = '66' and `forbes_data`.`Date` <= '2025-03-15 14:41:41' order by `forbes_data_tops`.`Position` asc limit 1 offset 0570μs/app/Models/DataTops.php:103forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 66
        • 2. 2025-03-15 14:41:41
        Backtrace
        • 12. /app/Models/DataTops.php:103
        • 13. /app/Widgets/EditorChoise.php:20
        • 19. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Misc/LaravelApplicationWrapper.php:48
        • 20. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:54
        • 21. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:75
        • 22. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:17
        • 27. view::partials.sidebar:19
        • 28. view::partials.sidebar:19
        • 34. view::blogs-inner:231
        • 41. /vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Response.php:200
        • 87. /public/index.php:54
      • select * from `forbes_data_data` where `forbes_data_data`.`DataID` in ('320937')1.09ms/app/Models/DataTops.php:103forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 320937
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 19. /app/Models/DataTops.php:103
        • 20. /app/Widgets/EditorChoise.php:20
        • 26. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Misc/LaravelApplicationWrapper.php:48
        • 27. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:54
        • 28. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:75
        • 29. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:17
        • 34. view::partials.sidebar:19
        • 35. view::partials.sidebar:19
        • 41. view::blogs-inner:231
        • 48. /vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Response.php:200
        • 94. /public/index.php:54
      • select * from `forbes_data_images` where `forbes_data_images`.`ImageID` in ('160257')580μs/app/Models/DataTops.php:103forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 160257
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 26. /app/Models/DataTops.php:103
        • 27. /app/Widgets/EditorChoise.php:20
        • 33. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Misc/LaravelApplicationWrapper.php:48
        • 34. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:54
        • 35. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:75
        • 36. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:17
        • 41. view::partials.sidebar:19
        • 42. view::partials.sidebar:19
        • 48. view::blogs-inner:231
        • 55. /vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Response.php:200
        • 101. /public/index.php:54
      • select * from `forbes_images` where `forbes_images`.`ImageID` in ('160257')520μs/app/Models/DataTops.php:103forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 160257
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 33. /app/Models/DataTops.php:103
        • 34. /app/Widgets/EditorChoise.php:20
        • 40. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Misc/LaravelApplicationWrapper.php:48
        • 41. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:54
        • 42. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:75
        • 43. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:17
        • 48. view::partials.sidebar:19
        • 49. view::partials.sidebar:19
        • 55. view::blogs-inner:231
        • 62. /vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Response.php:200
        • 108. /public/index.php:54
      • select * from `forbes_video` where `isShow` = '1' and `project` = 'qna' order by RAND() limit 12.74ms/app/Models/Video.php:42forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. qna
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • ORDER BY RAND() is slow, try to avoid if you can. You can read this or this
        Backtrace
        • 12. /app/Models/Video.php:42
        • 13. /app/Widgets/RandProjectVideo.php:24
        • 19. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Misc/LaravelApplicationWrapper.php:48
        • 20. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:54
        • 21. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:75
        • 22. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:17
        • 27. view::partials.sidebar:28
        • 28. view::partials.sidebar:28
        • 34. view::blogs-inner:231
        • 41. /vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Response.php:200
        • 87. /public/index.php:54
      • select * from `forbes_data` inner join `forbes_data_social_stats2` on `forbes_data_social_stats2`.`DataID` = `forbes_data`.`DataID` where `Date` >= '2025-03-14 14:41:41' and `AnounceID` is null and `finished` = '1' order by `forbes_data_social_stats2`.`facebook` desc limit 7760μs/app/Models/Data.php:544forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2025-03-14 14:41:41
        • 1. 1
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 12. /app/Models/Data.php:544
        • 13. /app/Widgets/MostShared.php:21
        • 19. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Misc/LaravelApplicationWrapper.php:48
        • 20. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:54
        • 21. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:75
        • 22. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:17
        • 27. view::partials.sidebar:36
        • 28. view::partials.sidebar:36
        • 34. view::blogs-inner:231
        • 41. /vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Response.php:200
        • 87. /public/index.php:54
      • select * from `forbes_data` inner join `forbes_data_data` on `forbes_data`.`DataID` = `forbes_data_data`.`DataID` where `Date` <= '2025-03-15 14:41:41' and `finished` = '1' and `DataType` = 'articles' and `Date` >= '2025-03-14 14:41:41' order by `forbes_data_data`.`Views` desc limit 7750μs/app/Models/Data.php:560forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2025-03-15 14:41:41
        • 1. 1
        • 2. articles
        • 3. 2025-03-14 14:41:41
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 12. /app/Models/Data.php:560
        • 13. /app/Widgets/MostViews.php:20
        • 19. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Misc/LaravelApplicationWrapper.php:48
        • 20. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:54
        • 21. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:75
        • 22. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:17
        • 27. view::partials.sidebar:46
        • 28. view::partials.sidebar:46
        • 34. view::blogs-inner:231
        • 41. /vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Response.php:200
        • 87. /public/index.php:54
      • select * from `forbes_video` where `isShow` = '1' and `addDate` >= '2025-03-14 14:41:41' order by `addDate` desc limit 1690μs/app/Models/Video.php:71forbes_base
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 2025-03-14 14:41:41
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • 13. /app/Models/Video.php:71
        • 14. /app/Widgets/BoostVideo.php:21
        • 20. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Misc/LaravelApplicationWrapper.php:48
        • 21. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:54
        • 22. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:75
        • 23. /vendor/arrilot/laravel-widgets/src/Factories/WidgetFactory.php:17
        • 28. view::layout:602
        • 29. view::layout:602
        • 35. view::blogs-inner:265
        • 42. /vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Response.php:200
        • 88. /public/index.php:54
        web
        array:2 [ "name" => "Guest" "user" => array:1 [ "guest" => true ] ]
        api
        array:2 [ "name" => "Guest" "user" => array:1 [ "guest" => true ] ]
          _token
          nyTgyTqI8E65S3HOy6SeiclMz1DodXFt7zW4bWJA
          _previous
          array:1 [ "url" => "https://test.forbes.kz/blogs/blogsid_260539" ]
          PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
          []
          format
          html
          content_type
          text/html; charset=UTF-8
          status_text
          OK
          status_code
          200
          request_query
          []
          request_request
          []
          request_headers
          array:25 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "content-length" => array:1 [ 0 => ""...
          request_server
          array:52 [ "TEMP" => "/srv/www/forbes.kz/tmp" "TMPDIR" => "/srv/www/forbes.kz/tmp" "TMP" => "/...
          request_cookies
          []
          response_headers
          array:5 [ "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ ...
          path_info
          /blogs/blogsid_260539
          session_attributes
          array:3 [ "_token" => "nyTgyTqI8E65S3HOy6SeiclMz1DodXFt7zW4bWJA" "_previous" => array:1 [ "u...